Objective To observe the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteoblasts,adipocytes and cardiomyocytes in vitro.Methods hMSCs were isolated,cultured and passaged in vitro.The phenotypes of hMSCs were identified by flowcytometry.Stably passaged hMSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts,adipocytes and cardiomyocytes in three given induction conditions in vitro.The cytochemistry staining,including alkaline phosphatase staining,oil red O staining and PTAH staining,was utilized to identify the three differentiated cells derived from hMSCs.Results The passaged hMSCs displayed the typical morphological features of fibroblast-like cells.Flow cytometry showed that hMSCs expressed CD44 and CD105,and did not express CD34,CD45 and CD31.Cytochemical staining showed positive staining of osteoblasts,adipocytes and cardiomyocytes differentiated from hMSCs.Conclusion hMSCs have the potential of multi-directional differentiation and can differentiate into osteoblasts,adipocytes and cardiomyocytes in vitro.