Objective To clarify the frailty status of elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases in Haikou City and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 356 patients admitted to two Class A tertiary hospitals in Haikou City were collected by convenient sampling from August 2021 to February 2022, and then surveyed and evaluated with self-designed general data questionnaire and Fried frailty phenotype assessment. SPSS statistics 25.0 was used for data analysis. According to data type, Chi-square test was employed for comparison between groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of frailty. Results Among the 356 questionnaires, 349 were valid, with an effective recovery of 98.03%. The mean age of the 349 participants was (69.21±7.05) years. There were 107 cases (30.7%) without frailty, 117 cases (33.5%) at pre-frail stage and 125 cases (35.8%) with frailty. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.386,95%CI 0.149-0.995; P<0.05), gender (OR=0.514,95%CI 0.279-0.947; P<0.05), personal monthly income (OR=1.772,95%CI 0.879-3.574; P<0.05), confirmed chronic disease (OR=0.419,95%CI 0.158-1.110; P<0.05), sleep status (OR=0.821,95%CI 0.252-2.668; P<0.05), medications (OR=0.464,95%CI 0.206-1.044; P<0.05) were all factors affecting frailty in the elderly inpatients. Conclusion The incidence of frailty is high in elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases living in our tropical city, Haikou. Medical staff should pay attention to the evaluation of frailty in the population, and take relevant interventions timely and effectively to reduce its occurrence and delay its progress in them.