Objective To detect the validity of a task switching paradigm-based cognitive assessment tool. Methods From July 2019 to January 2020,60 middle-aged and elderly people in the community were recruited from the Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative Center of Beijing Normal University, and then they were grouped by demographic information. Our self-designed cognitive tool and other neuropsychological tests [such as mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Rey auditory verbal learning test, trail-making test B (TMT-B), stroop color word test (SCWT) and so on] were used to assess the performances of the subjects in general cognitive function, executive function and other areas of cognition. SPSS statistics 24.0 was used for data analysis. According to the data type, independent sample t test or one-way ANOVA were used for intergroup comparison in demographic variables, and Dunnett′s test for multiple comparisons was conducted for post hoc comparison. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to analyze the correlation in the results from our cognitive test and from above mentioned neuropsychological tests. The consistency of the results of our cognitive test and neuropsychological tests was analyzed by paired samples t test, and the score histogram and cumulative score distribution chart were drawn to show the distribution of the results. Results Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the total score and average reaction time from our cognitive test were significantly correlated with the results of the neuropsychological tests in general cognitive function (MMSE) and executive function (TMT-B and SCWT) (|r |:0.272-0.448, all P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of paired sample t test showed that there were no significant differences between the results of the two evaluation methods (MMSE:t=-0.726, P=0.471; TMT-B:t=-0.530, P=0.598; SCWT time:t=-0.366, P=0.716; SCWT number:t=-0.544, P=0.588). Finally, the independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA suggested that the results of our cognitive test were not affected by educational levels and genders of the elderly (all P>0.05). Conclusion Our self-designed task switching paradigm-based cognitive tool can well reflect the cognitive level of the subjects, and is suitable as a wildly-used rapid cognitive screening tool.