Hip fractures in the elderly patients have a high risk of surgery and a high incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) , seriously affecting the postoperative rehabilitation and long-term prognosis and thus warranting multidisciplinary cooperation of the departments of orthopedic, anesthesiology, geriatrics, internal medicine, intensive medicine, rehabilitation, nutrition, and psycho-psychology and in the perioperative management. POD-related risk factors should be comprehensively evaluated, and individualized comprehensive preventive measures should be formulated before operation. Special problems such as anesthetic mode and minimally invasive surgical selection should be paid attention during the operation. Pain control, nutritional support, prevention of postoperative complications and early postoperative rehabilitation should be effectively managed after operation to ensure medical continuity. This review by the clinicians from the First Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University aims to promote the perioperative management and to prevent POD in the elderly patients with hip fractures.