The epidemiological survey of osteoporosis in Chinese residents released by the National Health Commission in 2018 showed that osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly people in China is serious with a prevalence of 19.2% among those over 50 years old and 32.0% among those over 65 years old, and more than 90.0% of the patients being unaware of their own diseases. For every 10% decrease in BMD, the risk of fracture increases by 2－3 times. The recovery of osteoporotic fracture is slow, the failure rate of internal fixation is high, and the social burden is large. This paper reviews systematically the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic fracture.