Objective To evaluate the association between adiponectin ADIPOQ +276G/T (rs1501299) single nucleotide polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chinese Han population via a meta-analysis. Methods A search, supplemented by literature traceability, was conducted for the case-control studies about the association between adiponectin gene rs1501299 (+276G/T) and T2DM in Chinese Han population from PubMed, Ovid, CBM, Springer, CNKI and WanFang Data from Jan. 1,2000 to Nov. 25,2018. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. Results A total of 13 studies were included with 3384 T2DM patients and 3187 healthy people as controls. The meta-analysis showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant [OR=1.29,95%CI (1.13,1.49), P<0.05]. Gene polymorphism at this locus was less biased with large samples and high accuracy, all the study groups having good representativeness. Conclusion Polymorphism of adiponectin +276G/T locus in Chinese Han population may be correlated to T2DM.