Objective To explore the possible risk factors for frailty in the elderly residents in a community in Xi′an of Shaanxi Province. Methods From October 2017 to October 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the elderly people over 65 years old who took physical examination in a community health service center in Xi′an. Based on the results of the FRAIL scale (≥ 3 scores), 153 patients were screened out as the frailty group, and another 174 without frail syndrome subjected as non-frailty group. The baseline data and clinical indicators of the 2 groups were collected and compared. SPSS statistics 23.0 was used for data analysis. Results Compared with the non-frailty group, the waist circumference, body mass, body mass index (BMI), white blood cell count (WBC), triglycerides (TG) level, incidence of comorbidities, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher, while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was obviously lower in the frailty group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the score of frailty level was correlated with body mass (r=0.129, P=0.019), waist circumference (r=0.196, P=0.000), BMI (r=0.135, P=0.015), WBC (r=0.157, P=0.005), TG level (r=0.123, P=0.027), HDL-C level (r=-0.175, P=0.001), number of comorbidities (r=0.621, P=0.000), TNF-α (r=0.304, P=0.000) and CRP level (r=0.596, P=0.000). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis indicated that the number of comorbidities (B=0.419, 95%CI 0.359-0.551, P=0.000), serum TNF-α level (B=0.093,5%CI 0.002-0.023, P=0.023) and CRP level (B=0.374, 95%CI 0.370-0.597, P=0.000) were independent risk factors for the senile frailty occurrence. Conclusion Overweight, number of comorbidities and levels of chronic inflammatory factors may be the risk factors of frailty among the community-dwelling elderly in Xi′an.