Abstract:Objective To evaluate the immediate and long-term effectiveness of applying cutting balloon angioplasty combined with drug-coating balloon (DCB) in side branch protection of coronary bifurcation lesions. Methods Sixty patients with coronary bifurcation lesions admitted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were subjected in this study. They were divided into research group (n=28) and control group (n=32) according to use of DCB or ordinary balloon in the side breach after cutting balloon as pretreatment. Basic clinical data, instant effectiveness of operation, perioperative complications, and occurrences of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), target lesion revascularization (TLR) and late lumen loss (LLL) within 9 months after surgery were compared between the 2 groups. SPSS statistics 24.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Student′s t test or Chi-square test was employed for comparison between groups in different data types. Results There were no significant differences in lesion types, radiological parameters, postoperative stenosis and minimal lumen diameters (MLD) of main and side branches between 2 groups (P>0.05). No perioperative complications was observed in both groups. The incidence of MACE within 9 months were significantly lower in the research group than in the control group [3.57%(1/28) vs 25.8%(8/31), P=0.044], but no difference was seen in the rate of TLR between them [3.57%(1/28) vs 9.88%(3/31), P>0.05]. Among the patients who underwent radiological examination in 9 months after surgery, there was no difference in the diameter and LLL of main branch between the 2 groups (P>0.05), but statistical differences were seen in MLD [(2.50±0.48) vs (1.96±0.39)mm, P=0.013] and LLL [(0.04±0.07) vs (0.25±0.36)mm,P=0.024] of side branch. Conclusion DCB-combined cutting balloon angioplasty is effective and safe in side branch protection technique of coronary bifurcation lesions.