Inflammation plays an important role in the process of myocardial impairment and repair after myocardial infarction. Ly6CLo mononuclear cells, M2 macrophages and CCR2-negative macrophages may be helpful in myocardial regeneration and repair after myocardial infarction. At the same time, large amounts of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α, IL-10 and CCR2,are released by monocytes/macrophages. They play important roles in the process. Studies show that strong inflammatory reactions after myocardial infarction are the main reason for the secondary injuries in the myocardial tissues. So, inhibition of inflammatory reactions by drugs or other means can alleviate myocardial injury and protect the tissues, and, may provide a new strategy for regeneration and repair after myocardial infarction.