Objective To investigate the serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and plasma level of haptoglobin (Hp) in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and their clinical significance. Methods A total of 140 CHD patients diagnosed by coronary angiography in our department from February 2014 to February 2017 were recruited in this study, and assigned into CHD group. Another 60 patients hospitalized due to non-CHD in our department during the same period were assigned as control group. According to the clinical manifestations, the patients in the CHD group were further divided into 3 subgroups:acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (n=38), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group (n=62) and stable angina pectoris (n=40). And they were also assigned into single-vessel disease group (n=27), double-vessel disease group (n=54) and triple-vessel disease group (n=59) according to the number of involved vessels. Gensini score, serum levels of hs-CRP and RBP4, and plasma level of Hp were evaluated and detected respectively. The relationship of these indices with the severity of CHD was analyzed. SPSS statistics 16.0 was used for data processing. Student’s t test or Chi-square test were adopted for comparison of different data types between groups. Correlation between indices was analyzed by Pearson linear correlation analysis. Results The CHD group had significantly higher serum levels of hs-CRP[(7.29±3.65) vs (2.84±1.16))mg/L], RBP4 [(49.64±8.32) vs (42.07±5.51) ng/ml] and plasma level of Hp [(95.26±19.14) vs (70.13±16.33) mg/L] than the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of hs-CRP and RBP4, Gensini score and plasma Hp level were significantly higher in the AMI patients than the SAP and UAP patients (P<0.05). So were in the UAPpatients than the SAP patients (P<0.05). The triple-vessel disease subgroup also had higher above indices than the double-vessel disease subgroup (P<0.05), and such trends were also seen between the double-vessel and single-vessel disease subgroups (P<0.05). Gensini score of the CHD patients were positively correlated with serum levels of hs-CRP (r=0.619) ,RBP4 (r=0.554), and plasma Hp level (r=0.592, all P<0.05). Conclusion The CHD patients have obviously higher serum levels of hs-CRP, RBP4 and plasma level of Hp, which are significantly related to the severity of coronary lesions.