Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a severe complication of advanced liver disease, and manifests as oliguria or anuria, hypoxemia, hyponatremia and low urine sodium, but shows no obviously pathological changes of renal damage. Its diagnosis need to exclude other reasons of renal injury. The onset was associated with hepatic dysfunction, portal hypertension, impaired blood volume and renal vasoconstriction. Based upon the rapid deterioration in kidney function, it is classified into 2 types. Therapeutic effect of vasoconstrictor drugs (terlipressin) plus albumin infusion is satisfactory, and liver transplantation is the best option for patients with end stage liver failure.