Objective To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol and ethanol in treatment of hepatic and renal cysts in the elderly. Methods A total of 116 elderly patients with hepatic and renal cyst admitted in our department from January 2013 to December 2014 were subjected in this study. According to their sclerotherapeutic agents, they were divided into lauromacrogol and ethanol groups, with 58 cases in each group. Ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol and ethanol were respectively given to corresponding patients. Length of hospital stay, therapeutic outcomes and side effects were observed and compared between the 2 groups. Results The length of hospital stay was (5.78±0.89)d, and the effective rate was 89.66% (52/58) for the lauromacrogol group. And the length was (6.16±1.45)d and the rate was 94.83%(55/58) for the ethanol group. No significant differences were seen between the 2 groups (P>0.05). There were 2 cases of adverse reaction in the former group, and 9 in the latter, with statistical differences between the 2 groups (P<0.05). ConclusionUltrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy, no matter with lauromacrogol or ethanol, is effective and easy to operate, in treatment of hepatic and renal cysts in the elderly. But the former agent has lower incidence of adverse reaction, so it is the best choice for elderly patients with hepatic and renal cyst.