Abstract:Objective To investigate the diagnostic elements and characteristics of pulmonary vascular lesions in patients with Behcet’s disease by multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT). Methods CT images and medical data of 13 patients with pulmonary vascular lesions of Behcet’s disease in Huadong Hospital and Pulmonay Hospital from March 2012 to April 2014 were collected and retrospectively reviewed. Their clinical characteristics and CT image features were analyzed. Results Among the patients, MSCT scanning showed that there were 11 cases of pulmonary embolism (10 of them complicated with pulmonary artery aneurysms), 1 case of diffuse capillary vasculitis and 1 case of pulmonary hemorrhage. Besides, there were 9 cases of pericardial effusion, 6 cases of pleural effusion, 8 cases of mediastinal enlarged lymph nodes, and 1 case of thrombosis in cardiac chambers and inferior vena cava. MSCT combined with computed tomographic pulmonary angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques clearly displayed above lesions. The pulmonary artery aneurysm manifested as dilation of the pulmonary artery, which was similar to that of the normal pulmonary artery in enhancement. Filling defect in the pulmonary artery was found in CT images of pulmonary embolism. Diffuse pulmonary vasculitis manifested as multiple cotton-wool and ground glass appearance on CT image. The performance of pulmonary hemorrhage was the ground glass opacity around the bleeding site. Conclusion Behcet’s disease complicated with pulmonary vascular disease shows a variety of manifestations on CT images. MSCT is of great value in the diagnosis of Behcet’s disease complicated with pulmonary vascular disease, and should be used as the first option in its examination and regular follow-up.