Objective To analyze the efficiency of long-term oxygen therapy on the right ventricular function in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 40 COPD patients (22 males and 18 females) with pulmonary function level Ⅰ but normal two-dimensional electrocardiogram admitted in our hospital from October 2011 to March 2012 were enrolled in the study. They all insistently took oxygen uptake at a low flow rate of 2L/min, 10h per day for 1 year. Echocardiography and lung function test were performed in 1d before, in 3 and 6 months and 1 year after oxygen uptake, respectively. Results Speckle tracking echocardiography indicated that strain of basal segments of right ventricular free wall (Sbasfw), strain rate of basal segments of right ventricular free wall (SRbasfw), strain of middle segments of right ventricular free wall (Smidfw), and strain rate of middle segments of right ventricular free wall (SRmidfw) were all dramatically increased after 3 months’ oxygen uptake treatment than the values in 1d before treatment (P＜0.05). With the time elapse of oxygen uptaking, Sbasfw, SRbasfw, Smidfw and SRmidfw were obviously increased (P＜0.01). Right ventricular longitudinal shortening (Tm%) was elevated in 3 months after oxygen uptake, which were significantly higher than before treatment (P＜0.05), and continued to arise along with the treatment (P＜0.01). Tricuspid annular systolic peak displacement at right ventricular free wall (T1), tricuspid annular systolic peak displacement at interventricular septum (T2) and tricuspid annular systolic peak displacement at midpoint of tricuspid annulus (Tm) all began to increase after 6 month, which had statistical difference with the data before oxygen uptake (P＜0.05), and continued to elevate with oxygen uptake time. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and percentage of FEV1 were obviously higher after 1 year’s treatment than before (P＜0.05). Conclusion Long-term oxygen therapy significantly improves the right ventricular systolic function in COPD patients, and its effect appears earlier on the improvement to right ventricular function than to lung function.