Inflammation plays a key role in the process of myocardial ischemia caused by coronary atherosclerosis (CAS). The occurrence, development, patho-physiological changes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ischemic heart disease are closely related to the inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, chemokines, and?so on. The patho-physiological basis of myocardial ischemia is due to instability of coronary atherosclerotic plaque, rupture followed by thrombosis, and partial or completed occlusion of the injured vessels. Then with various extensions, it will cause myocardial ischemic injury and lead to a series of pathological symptoms. In this article, we reviewed 4 inflammatory markers: CRP, interleukins (IL), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and elucidated their research progress and clinical significances in the induction, mediation and maintenance of coronary atherosclerotic myocardial ischemia.