Objective To determine the effect of different doses of testosterone on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in high-salt fed rats. Methods Thirty-two Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups, sham-operation (Sham) group, castration (Cas) group, testosterone supplement after castration (TC) group, and flutamide-treated testosterone supplemented castrated (FTC) group, with 8 rats in each group. After all animals were fed with high-salt diet (8% NaCl) for 8 weeks, the rats of Sham group received a sham operation, while those in Cas, TC and FTC groups received surgical castration. Testosterone propionate (TP) was injected subcutaneously at 2mg/kg, once every 2 days in TC and FTC groups, and flutamide 1mg/(kg·d) was given intragastrically in FTC group, for 8 weeks after surgery. Serum levels of testosterone and VEGF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of VEGF mRNA in the blood samples were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Results Serum levels of testosterone was obviously lower in Cas group, but significantly higher in TC and FTC groups when compared with Sham group [(0.26±0.02), (2.80±0.30), (5.47±1.29) vs (3.15±0.54)μg/ml, P＜0.01]. For serum level of VEGF, Cas FTC groups had obviously increased levels than Sham group [(47.246±19.733), (46.043±22.607) vs (20.837±13.823) ng/L, P＜0.01, P＜0.05], but no difference was found between Sham group and TC group [ (22.870±12.057)ng/L, P＞0.05]. Cas group and FTC group had lower expression of VEGF mRNA compared with Sham group (P＜0.01), but no difference with TC group(P＞0.05). Conclusion Under high-salt diet, high level of testosterone suppresses the expression and release of VEGF.