There is more higher prevalence of diabetes in the elderly population and some clinical characteristics in these elderly patients, such as insidious onset of diabetes accompanied with different diseases and/or diabetic complications. These patients usually take more kinds of drugs, sometimes forget taking drugs and are easily complicated with cardiovascular and other events after severe hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Actually there is big variance in these elderly patients on their health, medical care, economic level and the ability of self-care. It is most important to carry out the individualized treatment and to put the safety first in controlling blood glucose and multi-cardiovascular risk factors. The earlier screening and diagnosis of diabetes, scientific, effective and safe treatment are the principles in the management of hyperglycemia in these patients. The target of controlling blood glucose level is not as strict as that in younger diabetic patients based on their basic health condition, diabetic complications, and their quality of life, etc.