人羊水来源c-kit+与c-kit-间充质干细胞生物学特征及体外心肌诱导分化能力的比较
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Characterization and myocardium differentiation capacity of human amniotic fluid-derived C-kit+ and C-kit- mesenchymal stem cells
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    摘要:

    目的 比较人羊水来源c-kit+与c-kit-间充质干细胞的生物学特征及体外心肌分化能力。方法 通过常规产前诊断或自愿引产, 以羊膜腔穿刺术获取14份孕中期羊水(15~31周), 通过流式细胞仪分选c-kit+间充质干细胞, 比较c-kit+干细胞与c-kit-干细胞的细胞形态及生长曲线。流式细胞仪及免疫细胞化学分析对两种细胞进行表型鉴定, 比较其体外向成骨、成脂及心肌样细胞诱导分化能力。RT-PCR和Weston blot检测相关基因及蛋白的表达。结果 14份羊水标本中, 有5份标本可以分选到c-kit+羊水干细胞, 分布在孕16~22周, 分选的细胞数量占贴壁细胞的(3.30±1.24)%。羊水干细胞以成纤维状为主, 可以稳定传代, 体外培养可增殖到50代以上。经过c-kit分选后, 细胞呈均匀一致的长纤维状, 排列规律。C-kit+及c-kit-羊水干细胞具有相似的生长曲线。两种细胞均具有间充质干细胞特征, 表达间充质干细胞标记(CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105), 不表达造血细胞系标记(CD34, CD45), 表达I类人类组织相容性抗原(HLA-ABC), 不表达II类人类组织相容性抗原(HLA-DR)。Oct-4及SSEA-4胚胎干细胞标记在c-kit+干细胞的表达比率明显高于c-kit-干细胞。两种细胞在体外均可以向成脂细胞、成骨细胞分化。成脂细胞诱导后, 可以看到细胞内脂滴聚集, 油红O染色阳性。成骨细胞诱导后, 可以看到钙盐沉积, Von Kossa染色阳性。两种细胞分别与新生乳鼠心肌共培养, 体外向心肌细胞诱导, c-kit+羊水干细胞可以检测到GATA-4, α-actin, Cx43 和cTnT基因及蛋白的表达。而c-kit-干细胞在诱导后只表达GATA-4的基因及蛋白。结论 羊水来源c-kit+及c-kit-干细胞均表达间充质干细胞表型特征, 体外可以向成脂、成骨细胞分化。然而, c-kit+干细胞的心肌样细胞分化能力明显强于c-kit-干细胞, 可能与c-kit+干细胞具有某些胚胎干细胞特征有关。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the biocharacteristics and myocardium differentiation capacity of human amniotic fluid-derived c-kit+ and c-kit- mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Methods Fourteen samples of human amniotic fluid were routinely obtained from amniocenteses of second trimester gestation (15-31weeks). C-kit+ amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells were sorted by flow cytometry and were compared with c-kit- stem cells for the biocharacteristics and adipogenic, osteogenic and myocardium differentiation capacities. Verification and differentiation was evaluated by using RT-PCR and Weston blot. Result Our findings revealed that 16 to 22 weeks of gestation was the optimal duration to obtain c-kit+ stem cells. Following the sorting, c-kit+ cells had similar morphological and proliferative characteristics with the c-kit- AFS cells as demonstrated by growth curves. Both the c-kit+ and c-kit- AFS cells had mesenchymal stem cell characteristics through surface marker identification by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical analysis. They expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD29,CD44,CD73,CD90,CD105) but not hematopoietic stem cells makers(CD34,CD45). The cells were positive for Class I major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens (HLA-ABC), and negative for MHC Class II (HLA-DR). Oct-4 and SSEA-4 expression were stronger in c-kit+ stem cells than in c-kit- stem cells. Both two types of stem cells can differentiate along adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. However, the myocardium differentiation capacity was enhanced in c-kit+ AFS by detecting the GATA-4, cTnT, α-actin, Cx43 mRNA and protein expression through RT-PCR and Western blot analysis after myocardium induction. Only GATA-4, a marker for early stage of immature myocardium like cells, was detected from the myocardium induced c-kit- AFS cells. Conclusion Both c-kit+ and c-kit- amniotic fluid-derived stem cells have mesenchymal stem cells characteristics. They can differentiate along adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. C-kit+ AFS cells may have the potential clinical application for myogenesis in cardiac regenerative therapy.

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白 静, 王一茹, 刘丽凤, 陈 杰, 苏绍萍, 王 禹.人羊水来源c-kit+与c-kit-间充质干细胞生物学特征及体外心肌诱导分化能力的比较[J].中华老年多器官疾病杂志,2012,11(4):294~300

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