Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is ranked after carbon monoxide and nitric oxide as the third largest endogenous gas signaling molecule. It can be synthesized in mammalian tissues and can freely pass through cell membrane. It can exerted a variety of biological effects in multiple systems including the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and its specific pathogenesis is not fully understood. In recent years, more and more studies have supported the protective effects of endogenous H₂S and exogenous H₂S donor compounds on such cardiovascular diseases as atherosclerosis, myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure and ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this paper, we review the research progress in this area, highlighting the potential of H₂S and various exogenous H₂S donors in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.