Objective To isolate human urinary stem cells (hUSC) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) characteristics from urine samples of healthy individuals, and determine the neurogenic differentiation capabilities of the cells in different neurogenic induction medium. Methods hUSC were isolated from the urine sample of normal individuals, and then cultured, passaged and identified with flow cytometry. Then, after 14 days′ induction with 4 kinds of neurogenic induction medium, cell morphology was observed under a light microscope, and the mRNA levels of Nestin, S100, β3-tublin and NF-200 were detected by RT-PCR. SPSS statistics 13.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Student′s t test and Chi-square test were employed for comparison among groups. Results The obtained cells derived from the urine samples of healthy adults could successfully express surface markers of MSC (CD27⁺, CD44⁺, CD73⁺, CD90⁺, CD31-, CD34-, CD45-, HLA-DR-). After 14 days′ induction with neural indution medium B, C and D, the hUSC showed spherical cell bodies with enhanced refraction and neuron-like processes. RT-PCR indicated compared with the medium A, the mRNA levels of Nestin and S100 were increased medium B, C, D induction, and those of β3-tublin and NF-200 were decreased after medium B and D induction. What′s more, medium C induced the highest Nestin level than medium B and D, while medium B induction obtained the highest level of S100 than medium C and D (P<0.05). Conclusion hUSC possess the characteristics of MSC. Medium B, C and D contribute to the differentiation of hUSC into neuron cells. Our results suggest that hUSC can be differentiated into neural stem cells and glial subpopulations under optimized induction conditions.