Objective To investigate the correlation between vascular calcification and osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of 316 elderly patients admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of Chinese PLA Hospital No. 181 from March 2013 to September 2016. The bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the patients were divided into OP group (135 cases) and non-OP group (181 cases) according to T value. The carotid artery, abdominal aorta, and lower-extremity arteries were examined for calcification by color Doppler ultrasound. SPSS statistics 18.0 was used for data analysis. Student′s t test or Chi-square test was performed for comparison between groups, and logistic regression for analysis of the correlation between carotid calcification, abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and lower-extremity artery calcification (LEAC) and osteoporosis. Results The OP group had fewer male patients, lower ratio of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, lower body mass index (BMI) and lower BMD in the lumbar spine and hip, but higher total cholesterol level than the non-OP group, the differences being statistically significant (P<0.01). The incidence of AAC in the OP group was significantly higher than that in non-OP group [83.7%(113/135) vs 64.1%(116/181)], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed a positive correlation between OP and AAC (OR=3.25,5%CI 1.37-7.70; P=0.007). Conclusion AAC correlates with OP under non-invasive qualitative measurement, providing a pathway for the research of the correlation between vascular calcification and OP.