Coronary atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of coronary heart disease, while coronary artery calcification is the major marker of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Detection and evaluation of coronary artery calcification is of great significance for predicting cardiovascular events, and also contributes to understanding the progress of the plaques, so as to further guide clinical treatment. Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is a non-invasive imaging technique to detect the presence, location and extent of calcified plaques in coronary arteries, and shows great clinical significance in quantitative evaluation of coronary artery calcium and estimation of prognosis. In this article, we reviewed the utilization and clinical application of CCTA in detection and measurement of coronary calcification.