Objective To investigate the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy and clinical indicators of oxidative stress in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods General and clinical data were collected of patients hospitalized from 2016 to 2017 with type 2 diabetes mellitus in our hospital. The patients were divided into group A with peripheral neuropathy (n=97) and group B (n=115) without. The two groups were compared in general and clinical data using SPSS statistics 23.0, and logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The characteristics of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and its correlation with clinical indicators of oxidative stress were investigated. Results The age, disease duration, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and total cholesterol were significantly higher in group A than in group B, while fasting C peptide, hemoglobin and total bilirubin was significantly lower in the former than in the latter (P<0.05). The univariate logistic regression model revealed that age, disease duration, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, total bilirubin and hemoglobin might be associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that disease duration (OR=1.006,95%CI 1.003-1.010), glyco-sylated hemoglobin A1c (OR=1.403,95%CI 1.118-1.657), hemoglobin (OR=0.976,95%CI 0.958-0.994) were significant risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy have lower clinical indicators of oxidative stress (total bilirubin and hemoglobin) than those without, the former being more advanced in age, having long duration of diabetes, poorer blood glucose control, and poorer islet function.