Objective To investigate the current status of the central sterile supply department (CSSD) from different level hospitals in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and provide references for development of control measures. Methods Based on the different level of hospitals, stratified sampling and questionnaire were used to survey the CSSD of 156 hospitals. Results The major staffs working in the CSSD of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were nurses, accounting for 69.17% in the first-class hospitals, and for 69.20% in the second-class hospitals. Centralized management covered 53.85% in all management modes for the the first-class hospitals, but the ratio was decreased to 29.91% in the second-class hospitals. Significant differences were found in the equipments of cleaning and disinfecting, the devices of checking and packaging, and the chemical monitoring between the first-class and the second-class hospitals (P<0.05). Conclusion There are many problems in the CSSD of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, such as lagging management, insufficient facilities, and ineffective monitoring. The construction and management of the CSSD should be strengthened in order to ensure its standardization and scientization.