Objective To assess the value of far- infrared thermography in the diagnosis of Moyamoya disease by analyzing the alterations in the thermogram. Methods A total of 28 patients with Moyamoya disease were assigned as observation group, and another 30 healthy individuals who taking physical examination as control group. Far- infrared thermography was carried out on the exposed inspection sites under an environmental temperature from 20℃ to 25℃. The craniofacial infrared images were collected and analyzed for temperature differences among different inspection areas and the right and left sides of the examinees. The results were analyzed statistically. Results All Moyamoya disease cases showed some typical patterns in far- infrared thermograms, with congestive changes as red or deep red, and ischemic changes as blue or mild green on the head and face. Temperature differences in bilaterally symmetrical parts of the frontotemporal region and medial canthal region were significantly larger in the observation group than in the control group (t=1.453, 1.636; P<0.05). Conclusion Far- infrared thermography sensitively reflects heat distribution and functional status in Moyamoya patients through detecting skin temperature changes, and is of great significance for the diagnosis of the disease.