Objective To explore the relationship of the ratio of contrast medium volume to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and/or coronary angiography (CAG) with the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), so as to elucidate the predictive value of the ratio for CIN. Methods A total of 202 consecutive consenting patients with coronary heart disease who were given PCI and/or CAG for twice in an interval of (457.31±246.96) d in our department during July 2008 to June 2011 were enrolled. Their medical history, color Doppler echocardiogram, renal function and blood routine examination results at the first and second time of PCI and/or CAG were collected. The ratio of contrast medium volume to eGFR (V/eGFR) at the two performance was calculated, and its correlation with CIN was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the predictive value of the ratio. Results The CIN incidence of the cohort during the first time receiving PCI and/or CAG was 9.9% (20/202), while that during the second time was 17.33% (35/202), with significant difference between the two performance (P＜0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that V/eGFR was the most significant predictive factor of CIN. For the patients who receiving PCI and/or CAG for the first time, the ratio of V/eGFR≥2.895 (OR＝1.986, 95% CI＝1.466–2.691, P＜0.001) was the independent predictor of CIN. In the second time, the ratio ≥2.230 (OR＝4.685, 95% CI＝2.783–7.885, P＜0.001) was the independent predictor. Conclusion For the patients having CIN in the first time receiving PCI and/or CAG, they are prone to CIN in the second time, suggesting that the ratio of V/eGFR might be a good predictive index of CIN.