Abstract:Objective To investigate the quality of life and daily living ability in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with chronic heart failure (CHF) and analyze their correlation. Methods From January 2021 to January 2023,120 elderly patients with CHD and CHF admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University due to aggravation of heart failure were selected as the study subjects. At discharge and at three months and six months after discharge, the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) and activity of daily living scale (ADL) were used to investigate the quality of life and the daily living ability. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis. Repeated measure analysis of variance, independent sample t test, Chi-square test, or rank sum test was used for inter-group comparison according to the data type. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life and daily living ability of patients at six months after discharge. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between quality of life and daily living ability. Results Among the 120 patients, 91 completed the survey. Compared with at discharge, the scores on MLHFQ and ADL decreased at three and six months after discharge, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores on the two scales at six months after discharge were similar to those at three months after discharge, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥80 years(OR=3.136, 95%CI 1.251-7.8645), female (OR=1.562, 95%CI 1.197-2.039), New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ(OR=1.714, 95%CI 1.123-2.618), type of chronic diseases≥3 (OR=3.557, 95%CI 1.692-7.477) and re-hospitalization within half a year (OR=3.466, 95%CI 1.549-7.757) were the risk factors affecting the quality of life at 6 months after discharge in elderly patients with CHD complicated with CHF, and education level of middle school and above (OR=0.459, 95%CI 0.283-0.743) and regular exercise (OR=0.612, 95%CI 0.434-0.862) were protective factors. Age ≥ 80 years (OR=2.776,95%CI 1.120-6.879) and types of chronic diseases ≥3 (OR=3.582,95%CI 1.800-7.127) were risk factors and monthly income ≥ 3 000 yuan (OR=0.521,95%CI 0.343-0.791) and regular exercise (OR=0.527,95%CI 0.340-0.816) were protective factors of the daily living ability in the elderly CHD patients with CHF at six months after discharge. Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the scores of physical field, emotional field and other field and total score of MLHFQ scale were positively correlated with total score of daily living ability ADL scale in elderly CHD patients with CHF (r=0.295,0.346,0.367,0.342; P<0.05). Conclusion The quality of life and daily living ability in the elderly CHD patients with CHF at three months after discharge are significantly enhanced as compared with at discharge and then tend to be stable. There is a significant correlation between quality of life and daily living ability of patients at six months after discharge. Carrying out health education to urge patients to develop regular exercise habits and actively control the basic diseases has certain value on improving the quality of life and daily living ability of patients.

Abstract:Objective To explore the changes in quality of life before and after laparoscopic colposacropexy in elderly patients with uterine prolapse and to evaluate the influencing factors of quality of life. Methods Using a simple random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 136 elderly patients with uterine prolapse, who underwent laparoscopic colposacropexy in Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2021 to June 2023. Before surgery, and at 3 months and 6 months after surgery, pelvic floor distress inventory-short form 20 (PFDI-20) was used to evaluate the symptom changes of the patients, and pelvic floor impact questionnaire-short form 7 (PFIQ-7) was used to evaluate the changes in their quality of life. Pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) was performed to evaluate the degree of uterine prolapse. Totally, 128 patients completed three surveys and the questionnaires were valid. Based on the PFIQ-7 score≤19.04 points at 6 months after surgery as the standard of good quality of life, they were divided into a good quality of life group (n=66) and a poor quality of life group (n=62). SPSS 24.0 was used for data analysis. According to the data type, one-way analysis of variance or Chi-square test was performed for between-group comparison. Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors of poor quality of life in the elderly patients with uterine prolapse at 6 months after surgery. ResultsNo recurrence was found in the 128 elderly patients with uterine prolapse within 6 months after surgery. The PFDI-20 score and PFIQ-7 scores after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery, and the scores at 6 months after surgery were lower than those at 3 months after surgery. The postoperative POP-Q measurements at Ba, C and Bp points were improved compared with those before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The differences in body mass index (BMI), parity, chronic constipation rate, degree of uterine prolapse, and incidence rates of postoperative complications were statistically significant between good quality of life group and poor quality of life group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI ≥ 27.0 kg/m² (OR=4.284,95%CI 2.706-6.784; P<0.05), parity≥ 3 times (OR=3.397,95%CI 1.786-6.483; P<0.05), chronic constipation (OR=2.550,95%CI 1.159-5.610; P<0.05), uterine prolapse Ⅳ degree (OR=3.307,95%CI 1.772-6.171; P<0.05), and postoperative complications (OR=2.492,95%CI 1.132-5.484; P<0.05) were risk factors of poor quality of life in the elderly patients with uterine prolapse at 6 months after surgery. Conclusion The quality of life after laparoscopic colposacropexy in the elderly patients with uterine prolapse increases with the extention of postoperative time, but obesity, multiparity, chronic constipation, severe uterine prolapse, and postoperative complications are important factors leading to poor postoperative quality of life. Clinically, it is necessary to take corresponding prevention and control measures for the above factors.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the correlation between self-management behavior and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life in elderly survivors with lung cancer. Methods A total of 140 elderly patients with lung cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2020 to June 2023 were included in the study and were followed up. The patients′ self-management behavior, CRF and quality of life were investigated using self-management behavior assessment scale for lung cancer survivors, Piper fatigue survey scale, and quality of life assessment scale (EORTC QLQC30). The influence of different demographic data on self-management behavior, CRF, and quality of life of patients was analyzed. SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. The statistical methods used included Pearson correlation analysis and mediation effect test. Data comparison between two groups was performed using t test, one-way analysis of variance or Chi-square test depending on data type. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between self-management behavior, CRF and quality of life, and the mediating effect test was conducted using the mediating effect test procedure proposed by Wen Zhonglin. Results Among the 140 patients included in the study, 119 (85.00%) completed the questionnaire survey. The total score of self-management behavior was (122.83±23.47) points, at a moderate level. Of all the patients, 86 patients developed CRF (72.27%), with a total score of (131.43±34.41) points on the Piper Fatigue Survey Scale, indicating a moderate overall fatigue level. The total score of quality of life was (72.61±23.11) points. Statistically significant differences were found in self-management behavior scores between patients with different genders, whether living alone or not, educational levels, and monthly family incomes (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the CRF scores between patients with different ages, disease stages, whether undergoing surgery, whether undergoing chemotherapy, and different serum albumin levels (all P<0.05). The quality of life were significant different between patients with different ages, educational levels, monthly family incomes, number of comorbid chronic diseases, and disease stages (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that self-management behavior was negatively correlated with CRF (r=-0.346; P<0.001) and was positively correlated with quality of life (r=0.317; P<0.001). In addition, CRF was negatively correlated with quality of life (r=-0.285; P<0.001). Self-management behavior had a direct positive predictive effect on quality of life (β=0.465; P<0.001) and could also indirectly affect quality of life through the mediating effect of CRF, with the mediating effect accounting for 14.25% of the total effect. Conclusion The self-management behavior and quality of life are not high, and CRF is common among elderly survivors with lung cancer. The level of self-management can directly predict the quality of life and can also indirectly affect the quality of life through the mediating effect of CRF, improving the self-management behavior and enhancing the quality of life of elderly patients with lung cancer.

Abstract:Objective To explore the influencing factors of common chronic diseases on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities. Methods From January 2022 to August 2023,1591 elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities were selected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, and their demographic data, biochemical results, medical history data, and scale evaluations were collected. According to the diagnostic criteria of MCI, the inpatients were divided into non-MCI group (n=1 211) and MCI group (n=380). SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. According to the data type, nonparametric tests and Chi square tests were used for intergroup comparisons. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of common chronic diseases on MCI in elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities. Results The detection rate of MCI among the elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities was 23.88% (380/1591). There were significant differences between the MCI group and the non-MCI group in age, education level, marital status, residence status, fasting blood glucose, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride, serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, multiple comorbidities, number of medications, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism, daily living ability, Morse fall risk score, and Fried frailty scale (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that common chronic diseases such as diabetes (OR=1.590,95%CI 1.083-2.335), coronary heart disease (OR=2.199,95%CI 1.571-3.078), cerebrovascular disease (OR=1.603,95%CI 1.113-2.310), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR=1.794,95%CI 1.222-2.634), hypothyroidism (OR=2.489,95%CI 1.597-3.879), and increased number of multiple comorbidities (OR=2.711,95%CI 2.292-3.206) were risk factors of MCI in the elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities (all P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of MCI in elderly inpatients with multiple comorbidities is high. Common chronic diseases such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism, and the increase in the number of multiple comorbidities are risk factors of MCI in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities.

Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and quality of life after discharge in the elderly patients with radical resection of lung cancer. Methods From March 2021 to July 2023,320 elderly patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected as the study subjects. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients before and after surgery. According to the occurrence of POCD, the patients were divided into POCD group (n=58) and non-POCD group (n=262). The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) scores at six months after discharge were compared between the two groups. The correlation between MoCA scores at one week after surgery and EORTC QLQ-C30 scores at six months after discharge was analyzed. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis, and Chi-square test or t test was used for between-group comparison according to the data type. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of POCD, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between cognitive function and quality of life. Results Among the 320 patients, 58 developed POCD one week after surgery, with an incidence of 18.12%. At one week after surgery, the MoCA score in the POCD group was lower than that in the non-POCD group. Compared with the non-POCD group, the POCD group had significantly longer anesthesia time, more intraoperative blood loss, and higher maximum decrease in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSCO₂max) of intraoperative, and had significantly intraoperative lower minimum regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO₂min) and postoperative patient-controlled analgesia rate. At six months after discharge, the scores of role function, cognitive function, and overall quality of life were lower but the fatigue score was higher in the POCD group than those in the non-POCD group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that anesthesia time (OR=1.490,95%CI 1.085-2.047), intraoperative blood loss (OR=1.162,95%CI 1.090-2.533), rScO₂%max (OR=1.533,95%CI 1.094-2.147), and postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (OR=0.671,95%CI 0.463-0.972) were independent influencing factors of POCD (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that MoCA score at one week after radical resection in the elderly patients with lung cancer was positively correlated with role function, cognitive function, and overall quality of life in EORTC QLQ-C30 (r=0.319,0.490,0.448; P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with fatigue (r=-0.297; P<0.05). Conclusion POCD at postoperative one week in the elderly patients with radical resection of lung cancer is closely related to the quality of life after discharge with decreased scores of role function, cognitive function, and overall quality of life. It is recommended to reduce the risk of POCD and improve the postoperative quality of life of patients from the aspects of control of surgical anesthesia time, reduction of intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative active analgesia.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the changes and clinical significance of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody, interleukin-22 (IL-22) and osteopontin (OPN) levels in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Methods The clinical data of 136 elderly RA patients treated in our hospital were collected, and based on the presence of ILD or not, the patients were divided into ILD group (35 cases) and non-ILD group (101 cases). Serum levels of anti-CCP antibody, IL-22 and OPN were compared between the two groups of patients. SPSS statistics 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. Data comparison between two groups was performed using t test or χ² test depending on data type. The cut-off values of above three indicators in the diagnosis of RA with ILD were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify the risk factors of RA with ILD. Results Significantly advanced age and higher serum levels of anti-CCP antibody, IL-22 and OPN were observed in the ILD group than the non-ILD group (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that there were statistical significance in the three indicators in the diagnosis of RA with ILD (P<0.05), and their cutoff values were 53.36 U/ml, 75.68 pg/ml and 15.30 ng/ml respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age >70 years (OR=1.766,95%CI 1.024-3.116), anti-CCP antibody >53.36 U/ml (OR=3.536,95%CI 1.921-6.510), IL-22 >75.68 pg/ml (OR=4.721,95%CI 2.899-7.687) and OPN >15.30 ng/ml (OR=5.658,95%CI 3.606-8.8765) were risk factors for RA with ILD (P<0.05). Conclusion Anti-CCP antibody, IL-22 and OPN may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA with ILD. The elderly RA patients with older age have higher risk of ILD, which can provide some guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as prevention and control.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the current status of postoperative vascular crisis in elderly patients with replanted severed fingers and analyze its risk factors. Methods In a cross-sectional survey and longitudinal study, 126 elderly patients who underwent replantation of severed fingers in the 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2021 to September 2023 were investigated using simple random sampling method. The demographic data questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale were used to investigate the basic data and negative emotions of the patients on the day of surgery. The occurrence of postoperative vascular crisis was observed, and the patients were divided into a vascular crisis group and a non-vascular crisis group. SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. Data comparison between two groups was performed using t test, rank-sum test orχ² test depending on data type. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of postoperative vascular crisis in elderly patients with replanted severed fingers. Results Questionnaires were distributed to 126 patients on the day of surgery, and 121 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 96.03%. The incidence rate of postoperative vascular crisis in 121 elderly patients who underwent replantation of severed fingers was 25.62% (31/121). Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history (OR=2.540,95%CI 1.206-5.347), complete disconnection (OR=2.782,95%CI 1.383-5.596), disconnection at the distal phalanx (OR=3.456,95%CI 1.948-6.130), ischemic time of the severed finger ≥ 10 h (OR=3.071,95%CI 1.622-5.815), and microcirculation disturbance on postoperative infrared thermography (OR=8.432,95%CI 5.708-12.455) were risk factors of post-operative vascular crisis in elderly patients with replanted severed fingers (P<0.05). The function of replanted fingers in vascular crisis group was significantly worse than that in non-vascular crisis group at the last follow-up (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence rate of postoperative vascular crisis in elderly patients with replantation of severed fingers may be higher than that in young and middle-aged patients, seriously affecting the prognosis and function recovery of patients. Smoking history, disconnection of the severed finger, and severe ischemia are high risk factors of vascular crisis. Infrared thermography can objectively evaluate the changes in skin temperature in the surgical area and assist in determining the risk of postoperative vascular crisis.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between gut microbiota distribution and the nutritional status and quality of life in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods From February 2021 to February 2023,156 chronic renal failure patients who received regular MHD in the Affiliated Dazu′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were selected as the study subjects. Fresh fecal samples were collected, and the patients were divided into a normal group (n=53) and a dysbiosis group (n=103) according to the results of gut microbiota smear examination. The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the bacterial 16S rDNA gen was performed, and the two groups were compared in the quantitative results of fecal Bifidobacterum, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus. The nutritional status indicators, including body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (Alb), and scores on mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), were collected for both groups. The quality of life was evaluated using kidney disease quality of life short form (KDQOL-SF)1.3. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between quantitative findings of gut microbiota and the nutritional status and quality of life in MHD patients. ResultsAmong 156 MHD patients, 53 (33.97%) were of normal gut microbiota, 67 (42.95%) of Degree Ⅰ gut microbiota dysbiosis, 31 (19.87%) of Degree Ⅱ gut microbiota dysbiosis, and 5 (3.21%) of Degree Ⅲ gut microbiota dysbiosis. The Bifidobacterium count [(6.73±1.09) vs (9.45±1.26) lg CFU/g] and Lactobacillus count [(7.14±0.86) vs (9.92±1.03) lg CFU/g] in the dysbiosis group were lower, while the Escherichia coli count [(8.75±1.12) vs (8.06±0.94) lg CFU/g] and Enterococcus count [(9.68±1.05) vs (9.13±1.27) lg CFU/g] were higher than those in the normal group, with all differences being statistically significant (P<0.05 for all). The BMI [(20.34±3.51) vs (21.68±3.27) kg/m²], Alb [(28.53±4.29) vs (31.47±4.05) g/L], MNA score [(21.36±4.27) vs (25.14±3.98) points] and 36-item short-form (SF-36) score [(52.64±9.13) vs (58.71±9.48) points] in the dysbiosis group were lower than those in the normal group, with all differences being statistically significant (P<0.05 for all). Pearson product-moment coefficient analysis showed that BMI, Alb, MNA score and SF-36 score were positively correlated with intestinal Bifidobacterium count (r=0.417,0.309,0.461,0.382; P<0.05) and Lactobacillus count (r=0.463,0.357,0.507,0.417; P<0.001), and were negatively correlated with intestinal Escherichia coli count (r=-0.389, -0.426, -0.435, -0.354; P<0.001) and Enterococcus count (r=-0.326, -0.512,-0.548, -0.496; P<0.001). Conclusion The nutritional status and quality of life in elderly MHD patients are poor, and both are closely related to the gut microbiota count.

Abstract:Objective To explore the psychological resilience and quality of life (QOL) and their correlation in elderly patients with hemorrhagic stroke during intensive care unit (ICU)-rehabilitation transition period. Methods A total of 160 elderly patients with hemorrhagic stroke during the transition period from ICU to general ward in our hospital from January 2023 to August 2023 were enrolled as the research subjects. Their QOL was investigated by short-form 36-item health survey (SF-36), and the psychological resilience was evaluated by Chinese version of Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). SPSS statistics 19.0 was used for data analysis. Depending on the data type, analysis of variance, student′s t test or Chi-square test was performed for intergroup comparison. Multivariate linear regression model was adopted to analyze the related factors affecting the QOL of patients. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation between QOL and psychological resilience. Results Among the 160 questionnaires, 147 were valid, with an effective rate of 91.88%. The total score of SF-36 scale and score of CD-RISC scale were (464.47±56.07) and (45.38±13.74) points, respectively, in these elderly patients with hemorrhagic stroke during ICU-rehabilitation transition period points, and both were lower than the national norms (t=11.619,4.551; P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis suggested that SF-36 score was positively correlated with CD-RISC score in the elderly patients (r=0.527; P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) score at admission (β=-0.173; P=0.035), length of ICU stay (β=-0.355; P<0.001), mechanical ventilation (β=-0.276; P<0.001), ICU acquired weakness (ICU-AW) (β=-0.484; P<0.001), pain degree (β=-0.232; P<0.001), sleep disorder (β=-0.267; P<0.001) and anxiety (β=-0.191; P=0.016) were related factors affecting QOL, which jointly explained 42.50% of the variance in the QOL of patients (F=36.251; P<0.001). ConclusionThe QOL in elderly patients with hemorrhagic stroke during ICU-rehabilitation transition period is affected by disease condition at admission, ICU treatment factors, sleep disorder, anxiety and pain. Meanwhile, their psychological resilience is decreased. Active psychological resilience-related intervention has certain significance in improving their QOL.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the impact of semaglutide (Sem) on cardiac function, as well as histological and cytological changes following myocardial infarction in mice. Methods Mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery in male KM mice aged 7-8 weeks. Then male KM mice were randomly divided into the sham group, MI group, and Sem treatment group. After four weeks, echocardiography, HE staining, TUNEL staining, and Masson staining were conducted in the four groups. H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were divided into control group (CON), hypoxia group (Hypoxia), and Sem group. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were utilized to assess the apoptosis of H9c2 cells in the three groups. GraphPad Prism 9.5 was used for statistical analysis. Depending on data type, one-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparison, and LSD-t test for pairwise comparison. Results Ultrasonography demonstrated that Sem significantly improved ejection fraction, shortening fraction, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic volume and end-diastolic volume when compared with the values of the MI group (P<0.05). Histological observation revealed that Sem treatment reduced the apoptosis rate, abnormal cell morphology rate, and collagen volume fraction of myocardial cells when compared to the MI group (P<0.05). Flow cytometry showed that Sem effectively decreased the apoptosis rate of hypoxic cardiomyocytes, while Western blotting indicated that Sem promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduced the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, with statistical significance compared to the hypoxia group (P<0.05). Conclusion Sem can effectively improve cardiac function in mice after MI, reduce ventricular remodeling, and decrease myocardiocyte apoptosis.

Abstract:Alzheimer′s disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder associated with age, presents a complex onset, high prevalence, and a protracted course, and brings a considerable burden and stress to the family and entire society. However, the pathogenesis of AD remains controversial, and there are no definitive conclusions yet. Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death, is characterized by an increase in intracellular Fe²⁺ concentration, leading to disruption of the balance between oxidative and antioxidative systems, and then resulting in accumulation of reactive oxygen species and toxic lipid peroxidation, and ultimately culminating in cell death. Evidence shows that some drugs that can inhibit brain iron deposition exhibit significant therapeutic effects in treating AD, so ferroptosis is potentially a significant contributor to the onset of AD. In this review, we focus on three themes:the pathogenesis of ferroptosis in AD, the interaction between ferroptosis and AD pathology, and the ferroptosis drug treatment for AD, aiming to provide new thinking orientation for AD treatment strategies.

Abstract:Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors, with insidious onset and slow progression. It is also one of the most common types of dementia, and has become a major challenge for global health and social care. Research has found that the pathogenesis of AD is closely associated with the factors such as excessive deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein to form neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic loss, neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Evidence shows a certain correlation between infectious viral infections and the occurrence and development of AD. Infectious viral infections promote the progression of AD through pathways such as neuroinflammation, Aβ, and oxidative stress. In this article, we review the common factors between infectious virus infection and AD and elucidate their relationships. In addition, we take a typical infectious virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, as an example to illustrate its impact on the occurrence of AD to explore the possible interactions between viral infection and AD in order to provide a new approach for the prevention and treatment of AD.

Abstract:Sarcopenia is an age-related geriatric syndrome characterized by decreases in the strength and quality of skeletal muscle, and it exerts significant negative impact on the patient′s life. Therefore, how to scientifically and effectively prevent and treat sarcopenia for elderly patients becomes a global concern. Traditional Chinese medicine exercises, as one type of non-pharmacological therapies, can effectively prevent and treat the occurrence and development of senile sarcopenia. In this article, we mainly review the current status of traditional Chinese medicine exercises in the prevention and treatment of senile sarcopenia, elucidate the molecular mechanism of their improving muscle function, and introduce the problems and suggestions in their application, in order to provide a theoretical reference for medical staff to carry out the exercise interventions in the elderly patients in the future.

Abstract:Frail elderly patients in the community are at higher risk of falls due to physical impairments. Fall risk perception emphasizes exploring the understanding of fall risk from the patient′s perspective and is of positive significance for individuals to take proactive fall preventive behaviors to reduce the risk of falling. This article mainly reviews the current status, influencing factors, evaluation tools and intervention measures of fall risk perception in community-based frail elderly patients. It is expected to provide a reference for medical staff to conduct relevant research and tailor fall prevention and management plans.