Iron is an important trace element in human body and has important physiological functions. There is a precise mechanism to regulate physiological metabolism of iron in the body. When iron homeostasis in the brain is out of balance and abnormal iron deposition occurs, cell damage can be caused, and this process is closely related to the aging of the brain. This paper briefly summarized the regulatory mechanism of iron homeostasis in the body and its relationship with aging and life expectancy, elaborated the close relationship between brain iron deposition and aging, and reviewed the latest research progress of determination methods of brain iron deposition and iron removal therapy. We hope that this review can provide a reference for the research of iron metabolism and aging related nervous system diseases.