Objective To analyze the correlation between frailty and depression in the elderly inpatients and to evaluate different screening scales for frailty and depression for better management of the elderly patients with frailty. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the inpatients(≥ 65years)who were consecutively admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2017 and 2018. Frailty was assessed using the Fried phenotype and Frail scale, and depression using Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15). SPSS statistics 22.0 was used to analyze the data.Results Of 438 hospitalized patients, frailty was identified in 25.8% on Fried phenotype and 25.6% on Frail scale; and depression in 30.1% on SDS and 41.6% on GDS-15. On SDS and Fried phenotype, 49.2% of the patients with frailty and 40.9% with pre-frailty were depressed. After controlling for confounding factors, the risk of depression in those with frailty (OR=13.833,95%CI 6.962~27.487) and those with pre-frailty (OR=4.272,95%CI 2.209-8.260) was higher than that in those without frailty. Conclusion The detection rates of frailty and depression were high in the elderly inpatients. The self-assessed Frail scale has good consistence with Fried phenotype. There is a clear positive correlation between frailty and depression, an obvious increase in the detention rate of frailty coexisting with an obvious increase in risk of depression. For the elderly patients, it is advisable to provide routine evaluation of frailty and depression and to adopt a holistic approach to their management and intervention.