Constrictive pericarditis, chronic pericardial inflammation caused by a variety of causes, is characterized by pericardial inelasticity, cardiac relaxation, and systemic blood circulation disorder. Some patients have occult onset and lack typical clinical manifestations. Clinicians need detailed echocardiography, CT, MRI, and right cardiac catheterization to identify characteristic imaging features. Surgical pericardiectomy serves as an effective treatment. The misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis rate of this disease is high. This article reviews the status and progress in its diagnosis and treatment.