With the prolongation of the survival time in cancer patients, the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events caused by antineoplastic drugs is increased significantly. Early identification of cardiotoxicity of these drugs is of great significance to improve the quality of life and prognosis. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress on the manifestations, mechanism, risk assessment, monitoring and prevention of cardiotoxicity of commonly used antineoplastic drugs in clinical practice, with a view to early detection and prevention.