Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of green laser and 2 μm laser in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with a view to providing an effective reference for clinicians′ selection. Methods A total of 171 patients treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia in the Department of Urology of Longgang Central Hospital from May 2015 to May 2017 were divided into green laser group (n=80) and 2 μm laser group (n=91). The 2 groups were compared in the length of hospitalization, indwelling time of catheter, duration of operation, incidence of complications, maximum flow rate (MFR), quality of life (QOL) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) before and 6 months after operation. SPSS statistics 17.0 was used for data analysis, and Student′s t test or χ² test for comparison between groups. Results Duration of operation in the green laser group was longer than that in the 2 μm laser group [(62.8±18.5) vs (53.7±17.4)min], the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). No significant differences (P>0.05) were found between the 2 groups in preoperative and postoperative MFR [(7.38±1.02) vs (5.59±0.87)ml/s; (16.5±1.8) vs (17.0±2.4)ml/s], QOL [(32.64±5.28) vs (33.62±4.17)score], (43.27±6.48) vs (44.28±6.71)score, I-PPS [(21.82±3.67) vs (22.19±2.83)score; (7.20±1.30) vs (7.40±1.30)score], and the incidence of complications [13.75%(11/80) vs 12.09%(11/91)] . Conclusion Both green laser and 2 μm laser are safe and effective in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, each with its own advantages. The clinician may make a choice according to the patient′s condition.