Objective To assess improvement of the self-management in the stroke patients after attending teaching program. Methods A total of 115 stroke patients were enrolled at Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center from January 2011 to December 2016. The patients were randomly divided into study group (n=57) and control group (n=58). The control group were given routine outpatient health education, while the study group attended a self-management course once a week for 6 weeks. A comparison was made using Chronic Diseases Self-efficacy Scale on the completion of the course. SPSS statistics 19.0 was used for data analysis, and Student′s t test or Chi-square test for comparison. Results The self-efficacy scores after intervention were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P＜0.05). Compared with control group after intervention, the study group had higher scores in regular exercise[(7.89±1.12)vs(6.31±0.53)], geting information on disease[(9.09±0.37) vs (5.23±1.93)], obtaining help from community, family and friends [(8.28±0.06) vs (5.17±1.61)], communicating with physician[(9.13±0.78) vs (6.24±0.46)], managing disease in general[(8.12±1.77) vs (6.16±0.22)]and doing chores[(9.13±0.69) vs (6.18±1.70)]. Conclusion Self-management teaching program can effectively improve self-management of the stroke patients.