Objective To investigate the status of antithrombotic therapy in the extremely elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) from a military retired cadres’ sanatorium. Methods A total of 190 extremely elderly patients (≥80 years old) who lived in a military retired cadres’ sanatorium from July 2015 to July 2016 were recruited in this study. They were 167 males and 23 females, and at an age of 81-98 (87.8±3.6) years. Their clinical data, including different types of CHD and antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy were collected and analyzed. SPSS statistics 18.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Chi-square test was employed for comparison between groups. Results Among the 190 elderly individuals, those with CHD accounted for 41.05% (78/190), AF for 14.74%(28/190), and AF accompanied with CHD for 4.21%(8/190). In the patients with CHD, 91.02%(71/78) received antithrombotic therapy, including 69.23%(54/78) with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and the other 17.95%(14/78) with aspirin or clopidogrel treatment; 1.28%(1/78) patients were treated with warfarin, 2.56%(2/78) patients used other antiplatelet drugs. 8.97%(7/78) patients did not receive any antithrombotic drugs, and no one was treated with novel potent antiplatelet agent ticagrelor. In the patients with AF, 28.57%(8/28) were administrated with anticoagulant agents, including 21.43%(6/28) with warfarin, and 7.14%(8/28) with new oral anticoagulation agent. Among them, 60.71%(17/28) were treated with antiplatelet agent, accounting for 21.43%(6/28) with DAPT, 7.14%(2/28) with ticagrelor and 32.14% (9/28) with aspirin alone, and 10.71%(3/28) were treated with neither antiplatelet nor anticoagulation agents. In the 8 patients with both AF and CHD, 2 cases was treated with warfarin or heparin combined with DAPT, 4 cases with DAPT, and 2 cases with aspirin alone. Amongthe patients with different types of CHD, aspirin alone was used in 25.00% (9/36) patients of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD), significantly higher than those with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and those within 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI, P=0.005). DAPT protocol was quite common in those (92.86%, 26/28) within 1 year after PCI when compared with those with SCAD and ACS (P=0.000). Conclusion Although the medical condition in military retired cadres’ sanatorium is very good, the antithrombotic therapy is not ideal in the extremely elderly patients with CHD and AF. The experience for novel antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents is insufficient.