| 刘庭,皮红英,苏清清,宋咪,库洪安,肖红菊,刘丽楠.北京市门诊老年人跌倒风险与躯体功能的相关性[J].中华老年多器官疾病杂志,2023,22(1):1~5 |
| 北京市门诊老年人跌倒风险与躯体功能的相关性 |
| Correlation between fall risk and physical function in the elderly outpatients in Beijing |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-27 |
| DOI：10.11915/j.issn.1671-5403.2023.01.001 |
| 中文关键词: 老1年人 跌倒风险 躯体功能 四阶段平衡测试 计时起步行走测试 |
| 英文关键词:aged fall risk physical function 4-stage balance test timed up and go test This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2001400,2020YFC2008601) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查老年人跌倒风险现状并分析其影响因素,为老年人跌倒预防措施的制定提供参考。方法 便利抽样法抽取2021年5月至2022年4月北京市某三甲医院多学科联合跌倒门诊进行跌倒测评的老年人572例为研究对象,采用现场面对面调查的方式采集研究对象的一般资料、疾病情况、跌倒风险评分,并进行躯体功能测试。根据跌倒风险评估得分,将患者分为2组。对比2组各指标差异,确定跌倒风险的独立影响因素。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据分析。采用多因素logistic回归分析跌倒风险的独立影响因素。结果 572例老年人中278例(48.60%)有跌倒风险。Logistic回归分析结果显示,大专及以上文化程度(OR=2.059,95%CI 1.285~3.298)、共病(OR=1.978,95%CI 1.321~2.962)、多重用药(OR=2.211,95%CI 1.348~3.625)、睡醒后头晕/萎靡/疲劳(OR=2.948,95%CI 1.906~4.560)是老年人跌倒风险的独立危险因素,男性(OR=0.520,95%CI 0.343~0.788)、四阶段平衡测试达标(OR=0.487,95%CI 0.275~0.862)、计时起步行走测试达标(OR=0.455,95%CI 0.256~0.807)是老年人跌倒风险的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论 老年人跌倒风险较高,且女性高于男性,大专及以上文化程度、共病、多重用药、睡醒后精神不佳是老年人跌倒的独立危险因素,应注意此类老年人的跌倒预防,动态和静态平衡能力的提升有利于降低老年人跌倒风险,应进行针对性训练。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the risk status of falls in the elderly and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide reference for the formulation of fall prevention measures in older adults. Methods From May 2021 to April 2022, a total of 572 older adults who received fall assessment in the multidisciplinary fall clinic of a tertiary Class-A hospital in Beijing were subjected with convenience sampling. General information, disease status and fall risk score, and results of physical function test were collected through face-to-face survey. According to the risk assessment, the participants were divided into the risk group and the risk-free group. The differences of various indicators were compared between the 2 groups to determine the independent influencing factors of fall risk. SPSS statistics 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of fall risk.Results Among the 572 participants, 278 were at risk of falling, accounting for 48.60%. Logistic regression analysis showed that junior college or above educational level (OR=2.059,95%CI 1.285-3.298), comorbidities (OR=1.978,95%CI 1.321-2.962), polypharmacy (OR=2.211,95%CI 1.348-3.625), and dizziness/malaise/fatigue after waking up (OR=2.948,95%CI 1.906-4.560) were independent risk factors of fall risk, while male (OR=0.520,95%CI 0.343-0.788), qualified results of 4-stage balance test (OR=0.487,95%CI 0.275-0.862) and qualified outcomes of timed up and go test (OR=0.455,95%CI 0.256-0.807) were protective factors of fall risk in the elderly (P<0.05). Conclusion Older adults are at high risk of falling, and older women are at higher risk. Junior college or above educational level, comorbidity, polypharmacy, being in poor spirits after waking up are independent risk factors of fall risk. More attention should be paid to these older adults. The improvement of dynamic and static balance abilities are beneficial to reduce the risk of falls in the elderly, so targeted training should be carried out. |
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