Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in the elderly inpatients. Methods A total of 158 elderly patients (≥60 years) receiving comprehensive geriatric assessment in Department of Geriatrics of our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were recruited in the study. According to the results of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Fried frailty phenotype assessment, the participants were divided into cognitive frail group (n=34) and non-cognitive frail group (n=124). Their general data, results of laboratory tests and scores of comprehensive geriatric assessment were compared between the 2 groups. SPSS statistics 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. Student′s t test, Rank sum test or Chi-square test was employed for intergroup comparison based on different data types. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the factors affecting cognitive frailty in hospitalized patients. Results The cognitive frail group had older age, poorer nutritional status, and more dependent on others for daily living when compared with the non-cognitive frail group (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR=0.921,95%CI 0.847-0.981), declined instrumental activities of daily living (OR=4.611,95%CI 1.725-12.328) and hypoalbuminemia (OR=1.127,95%CI 1.007-1.262) were influencing factors of cognitive frailty in the elderly inpatients. Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive frailty is quite high in elderly patients. Clinicians should pay attention to comprehensive geriatric assessment, timely and effective screening, and active measures to prevent the development of cognitive frailty in the elderly in order to promoting the realization of successful aging.