Fungi were considered important colonizers of the gut microbial community, the structure and quantity of which can be affected by many factors,such as age, gender, diet, race, region, medicine, disease,etc.Intestinal fungi play an important role in the pathophysiology process of human body and are active participants in directly influencing health and disease.Therefore,more and more studies have focused on the fungal colonization in the digestive tract and the role of the intestinal fungi played in some diseases.Studies performed in the past decade have demonstrated that the structure and quantity of intestinal fungi in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hepatitis, antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD)and tumor patients is different compared with health.Thus further research on intestinal fungi may find a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.