Cognitive frailty (CF) has been regarded as a key factor affecting the quality of life and life health among the elderly population in the social context of large elderly population and accelerated aging globally. It is gradually receiving attention in the field of medical care at home and abroad. However, due to a late start, the research results on its conceptual framework, influencing factors, screening evaluation, and intervention methods have not reached a consensus yet. Its concerning with health outcomes are basically a research gap. In this article, we reviewed the above key points about CF, with the aim of helping medical care scholars in China understand the current status of its research and limitations it faces, so as to clarify research directions, help to optimize the current CF problems, and provide reliable data support for healthy aging in the future.