Objective To analyze the effects of chronic diseases, physical function, skeletal muscle index, fat and other factors on elderly male patients with frailty. Methods From April to June 2021, a total of 658 men aged ≥60 years in Beijing communities were enrolled. They were divided into frail group (n=124) and non-frail group (n=534) based on the evaluation with Fried frailty phenotype (FP) scale. Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was used to assess the chronic diseases. Physical functions were tested, skeletal muscle index, fat mass, and other body compositions were measured with the body composition analyzer. SPSS statistics 26.0 was used for data analysis. Depending on data type, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test andχ² test were performed for comparison between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of frailty. Results Univariate analysis showed that frail and non-frail groups differed statistically significantly in age, height, body mass, skeletal muscle index, body fat mass, visceral fat area, basal metabolic rate, protein, bone mineral content, grip strength, walking speed and 5-time chair stand time (P<0.05). CCI of the frail group was significantly higher than that of the non-frail group, and the former showed a higher proportion of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, low bone mass, prostatic hyperplasia, chronic bronchitis and chronic renal disease than the latter, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for age, height and body mass, CCI (OR=1.256,95%CI 1.012-1.558, P=0.039), low bone mass (OR=2.312,95%CI 1.308-4.088, P=0.004), and 5-time chair stand time (OR=1.110,95%CI 1.022-1.205, P=0.013) were independent influencing factors for frailty. Conclusion Increased CCI, low bone mass, and long 5-time chair stand time are strongly associated with frailty.