Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in patients after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods A total of 1 193 patients who underwent TURP in our hospital from January 2008 to January 2021 were retrospectively recruited based on the clinical data from the medical database. According to the occurrence of postoperative hypothermia or not, they were divided into hypothermia group (group H, n=83) and normal group (group N, n=1110). Age, height, body mass, body mass index, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin level, operation duration, anesthesia method, anesthesia duration, and infused volumes of crystalloid, colloidal fluid and irrigation fluid were compared between the 2 groups. SPSS statistics 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. Data comparison between two groups was perfomed using t test, χ² test or rank sum test depending on data type. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the risk factors of postoperative hypothermia. Results There were significant differences in age, anesthesia method and anesthesia duration between the 2 groups (all P<0.05), but no statistical differences were seen in other indicators (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that older age (OR=1.041,95%CI 1.009-1.074) and epidural nerve block (OR=2.829,95%CI 1.594-5.023) were risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in TURP patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion Analysis on the large samples from medical database indicates that the risk factors for postoperative hypothermia are older age and epidural nerve block in TURP patients.