The gonadotrophin hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), are multifunctional hormones synthesized and secreted by pituitary cells. In addition to affecting the reproductive system, they also have multiple physiological functions and participate in the occurrence and development of aging-related diseases. Elevated LH and FSH levels implicated with the decline of pituitary gonadotrope cells during aging process, and recent research data indicated that these changes involve with development of many aged-related chronic diseases, such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, metabolic disturbers, and others. Regulating FSH and LH may become an important link in the prevention and treatment of related diseases. At present, the underlying mechanisms for them remain elusive or largely unknown. Hence, further studies on the relation between central nerve system function and aged-related diseases are of valuable clinical significance.