Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the major diseases that seriously threaten human health, and its most commonly used treatment is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, in-stent restenosis (ISR) after stent implantation is always a complication that confuses doctors and patients. At present the occurrence of ISR is believed to be associated with vascular intimal hyperplasia and neo-atherosclerosis, but its specific progression mechanism is still inconclusive. Therefore, preventive and therapeutic strategies for ISR remain unavailable. Studies have found that risk factors of ISR include lesion-related, interventionist-related and patient-related factors. Among them, ISR is especially associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in patients undergoing PCI after coronary heart disease. The risk of ISR in these patients is significantly increased but its early detection is still limitated. Development of technology and emerging technologies such as metabolomics in recent years have been widely used clinically and may play a more important role in the early diagnosis of ISR in the future.