Objective To investigate the correlation between different personality traits and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly. Methods A self-developed questionnaire of general information, Geriatric Depression Inventory, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were used to screen 300 randomly selected elderly people in Qiqihar for MCI. SPSS statistics 20.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Pearson correlation and multiple linear stepwise regression were used to investigate the correlation between personality traits and MCI. Results Gender, age, education level, marital status and income level were significantly different (P<0.05). Introversion and extroversion were negatively correlated with geriatric depression scale (GDS) scores (r=-0.468, P<0.01), and neuroticism and psychoticism were positively correlated with GDS scores (r=1.962,0.268; P<0.05). Difference in multiple stepwise regression analysis, extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism with MCI was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion MCI in the elderly people is correlated with Eysenck personality, and inward and outward personalities, neuroticism and psychoticism are not only susceptibility factors of MCI but also affect the degree of MCI in the elderly people.