With the progress and development of science and technology, as well as medicine, aging population has become an important issue facing our society currently. It is estimated that by the year of 2030, the population 65 years and over will get nearly doubled, and the incidences of age-associated diseases will increase in parallel. As aging is associated with the risk of kidney diseases, it is of significance to study the mechanisms of renal aging in order to reduce the occurrence and delay the progression of senile kidney diseases, and reduce the economic burden at household and community levels at the same time. We aimed to review the published literature to sum up the possible molecular mechanisms of renal aging.