Thyroid cancer in the elderly people is characterized by high incidence, high malignancy, and poor prognosis. Thus, it is of necessity to employ advanced detection method and clarify its clinical and pathological characteristics. Surgical therapy is the main treatment for senile thyroid cancer. Physicians should accurately assess the patient’s condition pre- and post-operatively, correctly make surgical planning and other treatment strategy based on the pathological types and tumor invasion, and then develop appropriate individualized therapy goal to improve the life quality of patients.