Vaspin is found predominantly from visceral adipose tissue in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is identified as an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing and insulin resistance improving roles. The present evidence not only confirmed a positive association of vaspin with obesity and diabetes, but also demonstrated the association with arteriosclerosis and osteoporosis. In recent years, there were more and more researches on vaspin. In this article, we reviewed recent research progress on vaspin.