Objective To assess the long-term outcomes of patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Patients with coronary heart disease undergoing CABG or PCI and suffering angina again, were enrolled, with 40 in CABG group and PCI group respectively. Age, gender, myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, stroke and medicinal history were matched between two groups. The long-term efficiency was compared between the two groups by coronary angiography. Results Compared with CABG group, the long-term stenosis and blocking rate declined by 34.3% in PCI group. Compared with bypass artery of the left internal mammary artery of patients in CABG group, the long-term stenosis and blocking rate of the left anterior descending branches declined by 14.8% in PCI group. Compared with bypass vein of the left circumflex branches and the right coronary of patients in CABG group, the long-term stenosis and blocking rate of the left circumflex branches and the right coronary declined by 49.8% in PCI group. Conclusion The long-term revascularization rate is higher in PCI group than in CABG group. The drug stent in PCI is superior to bypass artery in CABG.