As the society develops, people￠s life expectancy has increased dramatically and the whole population is aging. As a result, spinal diseases and their surgeries have become part of life for more and more aged people. Due to their naturally declining metabolic capability and body￠s reserve capacity, the aged people are subject to perioperative and postoperative complications, and other accidents, which often leads to reversal operative effects and damage people￠s life quality. Therefore, scholars are increasingly interested in exploring the causes, precautionary measures and treatment measures for such complications. This paper reviewed the related researches.