Objective To observe the effects of exogenous testosterone replacement and androgen receptor block agent administration on the expression of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal), and to determine the relationship between androgen and myocardial senescence. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into castrated group, testosterone group (castrated＋physiological dose of testosterone), flutamide group (castrated＋physiological dose of testosterone+flutamide) and sham group, with 10 in each group. After 8 weeks, blood testosterone concentration was measured; myocardium tissues were examined for histomorphology by HE staining; activity of SA-β-Gal was determined immunohistochemically. Results Compared with sham operation group, testosterone concentration was almost three times higher than that in flutamide group (P＜0.01). The activity of SA-β-Gal was obviously enhanced in castrated group than in sham group[(2.00±0.86) vs (1.15±0.67), P＜0.01]. Compared with castrated group, the activity of SA-β-Gal was significantly weakened in testosterone group[(0.90±0.79), P＜0.01]. Compared with testosterone group, the activity of SA-β-Gal was enhanced in flutamide group[(2.05±0.76), P＜0.01]. There was no statistical difference in the activity of SA-β-Gal between testosterone group and sham group（P=0.309）. Conclusions Androgen deficiency may influence the activity of SA-β-Gal in the heart of male rats. It suggests that myocardial senescence is possibly associated with androgen levels.